Digital and Emerging Technologies, and Future Studies
Ruskin’s motto was ‘To-day’. He believed that the way we see things now will shape the way we think and behave in the future. His intense processes of visual observation resulted in explorations of what Ruskin called ‘the golden stain of time’; how past, present and future interact with and shape each other, and inform our sense of ourselves.
Ruskin embraced cutting-edge optical technologies in his work – including the ‘the most marvellous invention of the century, the daguerreotype’ (Works 3.210 n), the cyanometer, the microscope, telescope and camera – that were transforming ideas of time and space in the 19th century and questioning belief in the quantifiable world of objects and evidence-based knowledge.






John Ruskin, Cloud perspective: curvilinear, 1860, Modern Painters V, Plate 65, LE VII, ed. by Cook and Wedderburn (London: George Allen, 1905) © The Ruskin, Lancaster University
John Ruskin, ‘Cloud perspective: rectilinear’, 1860, Modern Painters V, Plate 64, LE VII, ed. by Cook and Wedderburn (London: George Allen, 1905) © The Ruskin, Lancaster University
John Ruskin & John Hobbs, ‘Venice. St. Mark’s. Principal façade’, 1852, 1996D0023 © The Ruskin, Lancaster University
Ruskin VR development, 2024 © The Ruskin, Lancaster University
Bottom left to right:
John Ruskin’s orrery, n.d. © The Ruskin, Lancaster University
Alex Hamilton, ‘Crocus. Cyanotype,’ © Alex Hamilton
The Ruskin digital exhibition in the Data Immersion Suite, 2025 © The Ruskin, Lancaster University